RESUMO
Abstract Objective: To evaluate the distribution of cases of congenital anomalies in the state of Santa Catarina by health macro-region, to determine the frequency according to maternal and neonatal variables, to estimate the related mortality, and the trends in the period 2010-2018. Methods: An ecological time-series study with secondary data on congenital anomalies and the sociodemographic and health variables of mothers and newborns living in Santa Catarina, from 2010 to 2018. For temporal trend analysis, generalized linear regression was performed using the Prais-Winsten method with robust variance. Results: The average prevalence of congenital anomalies in the period was 8.9 cases per 1,000 live births, being 9.4 cases by 1,000 live births in 2010 and, in 2018, 8.2/1,000. The trend remained stable in the analyzed period. The major malformations were musculoskeletal, hip, and foot malformations, with a proportion ≥30%. There was a higher prevalence of congenital anomalies in low birthweight, preterm, male livebirths with Apgar≤7, born by cesarean section, mothers of older age (≥40 years), and less educated (less than eight years of study). Infant mortality due to congenital malformations was 2.6 deaths/1,000 live births, representing about 25.8% of the total infant deaths in the period. Conclusions: The frequency of congenital anomalies and the mortality with anomalies was stable in the studied period in Santa Catarina. The presence of anomalies was associated with low birth weight, prematurity, and low Apgar score. The highest proportion of congenital anomalies was in the musculoskeletal system.
Resumo Objetivo: Avaliar a distribuição dos casos de anomalias congênitas no estado de Santa Catarina por macrorregião de saúde, determinar a frequência segundo fatores da mãe e do produto da gestação e estimar a mortalidade relacionada e a tendência no período de 2010-2018. Métodos: Estudo ecológico de série temporal, com dados secundários sobre anomalias congênitas e variáveis sociodemográficas e de saúde de mães e recém-nascidos residentes em Santa Catarina, no período de 2010 a 2018. Para análise de tendência temporal, foi utilizada a regressão linear generalizada pelo método de Prais-Winsten com variância robusta. Resultados: A prevalência média de anomalias congênitas no período foi de 8,9 casos a cada 1.000 nascidos vivos, sendo 9,4 casos a cada 1.000 em 2010 e 8,2 a cada 1.000 em 2018. A tendência manteve-se estável no período analisado. As principais malformações foram as osteomusculares, de quadril e de pés, com proporção ≥30%. Verificou-se prevalência maior de anomalias congênitas nas crianças de baixo peso, prematuras, de sexo masculino e Apgar≤7 e nos nascidos de cesariana, de mães de maior idade (≥40 anos) e menor escolaridade (menos de oito anos de estudo). A mortalidade infantil por malformações congênitas foi de 2,6 óbitos/1.000 nascidos vivos, representando 25,8% do total de óbitos infantis no período. Conclusões: Houve estabilidade na frequência e na mortalidade associada às anomalias congênitas em Santa Catarina de 2010 a 2018. A ocorrência dessas condições foi associada aos nascidos de baixo peso, pré-termo e baixo escore de Apgar. A maior proporção de anomalias congênitas foi do sistema osteomuscular.
RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the distribution of cases of congenital anomalies in the state of Santa Catarina by health macro-region, to determine the frequency according to maternal and neonatal variables, to estimate the related mortality, and the trends in the period 2010-2018. METHODS: An ecological time-series study with secondary data on congenital anomalies and the sociodemographic and health variables of mothers and newborns living in Santa Catarina, from 2010 to 2018. For temporal trend analysis, generalized linear regression was performed using the Prais-Winsten method with robust variance. RESULTS: The average prevalence of congenital anomalies in the period was 8.9 cases per 1,000 live births, being 9.4 cases by 1,000 live births in 2010 and, in 2018, 8.2/1,000. The trend remained stable in the analyzed period. The major malformations were musculoskeletal, hip, and foot malformations, with a proportion ≥30%. There was a higher prevalence of congenital anomalies in low birthweight, preterm, male livebirths with Apgar≤7, born by cesarean section, mothers of older age (≥40 years), and less educated (less than eight years of study). Infant mortality due to congenital malformations was 2.6 deaths/1,000 live births, representing about 25.8% of the total infant deaths in the period. CONCLUSIONS: The frequency of congenital anomalies and the mortality with anomalies was stable in the studied period in Santa Catarina. The presence of anomalies was associated with low birth weight, prematurity, and low Apgar score. The highest proportion of congenital anomalies was in the musculoskeletal system.
